Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is a condition caused by the wear and tear of the cartilage in the knee joint, which plays an important role in reducing shock and allowing the joint to move smoothly. When this cartilage wears out, the knee joint rubs, causing pain, swelling, and tension in the knee joint. This problem is common in the elderly due to long-term use of the knee joint. However, people whose lifestyles require the use of the knee joint for heavy activities are also at high risk, such as runners, weightlifters, or people who have to stand for long periods of time in their daily work.
What is osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis of the knee is a type of arthritis caused by the deterioration of the cartilage that covers the surface of the knee joint. This cartilage plays an important role in reducing friction and preventing the bones from rubbing together during movement, as well as helping the knee joint move smoothly and without pain. However, over time, the cartilage can deteriorate due to age, overuse, or other risk factors, resulting in visible changes in the knee joint.
The main causes of osteoarthritis include: Aging is a common risk factor as cartilage naturally tends to thin and deteriorate as we age. Excess weight is also a major cause of increased pressure and friction on the knee joint, resulting in faster wear and tear. Repetitive activities or injuries from accidents are also factors that accelerate osteoarthritis.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis
- Knee pain often begins with increased use of the knee, such as walking, running, or climbing stairs.
- Morning stiffness: After waking up, you may feel that your knee is difficult to move and may take 10-15 minutes to relieve.
- Cracking sound in joints is caused by friction between bones in the joints.
- Swelling and inflammation. There may be swelling around the joint and it may feel warm to the touch.
- Deformity: In severe cases, the knee joint may appear deformed or twisted.
Treatment guidelines for osteoarthritis
Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee can be divided into 2 main methods: non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment.
1. Non-surgical treatment
Drug use
- Pain relievers such as paracetamol or NSAIDs
- Medications that slow down cartilage degeneration, such as Glucosamine and Chondroitin
- Physical therapy, targeted exercises, and muscle exercises around the knee joint can help relieve pressure on the joint.
Knee injection
- Hyaluronic Acid injections to increase lubrication in the knee joint
- PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) injections to stimulate cell regeneration in joints
- Behavior modification: Avoid activities that put additional pressure on your knee joint, such as squatting and heavy lifting.
2. Surgical treatment
- Knee arthroscopy uses a small camera to examine and repair the inside of the joint, such as removing bone fragments or damaged cartilage.
- Total knee replacement surgery is suitable for people with severe knee osteoarthritis that has not responded to other treatments. Total knee replacement can help reduce pain and improve quality of life.
Hospital with expertise in treating osteoarthritis
Thailand has many hospitals that are reputable and have expertise in treating osteoarthritis. These hospitals have specialized teams of doctors and modern equipment. Here are some of the popular ones:
1. Siriraj Hospital
- There are orthopedic specialists nationwide.
- Providing diagnostic services using modern technology such as MRI scans and ultrasound examinations.
- Knee replacement surgery has a high success rate.
2. Ramathibodi Hospital
- The Orthopedic Center has a team of experienced specialist doctors.
- Provides comprehensive physical rehabilitation services
3. Bangkok Hospital
- Private hospitals with international standards
- There are doctors who specialize in surgical and non-surgical treatments.
- Comfortable recovery room services
4. Bumrungrad Hospital
- Focus on individual care by a team of expert doctors
- There are modern tools such as robots that assist in knee surgery.
5. Chulalongkorn Hospital
- Has a nationally recognized orthopedic department
- There is ongoing research into osteoarthritis to develop treatments.
Considerations when choosing a hospital
- Doctor’s Expertise The doctor’s expertise is the first important factor to consider. A hospital with a team of experienced specialists who are certified by relevant agencies will increase the chances of a successful treatment. In addition, the work history and specialty of the treating doctor should be checked to ensure that the patient receives appropriate and safe care.
- Equipment and Technology: A hospital with modern medical equipment and technology will enable accurate and rapid diagnosis and treatment. Advanced technology can reduce treatment time and increase the chances of a patient’s recovery. Examples include digital X-ray diagnostic equipment and high-performance surgical equipment. Also, check that the hospital maintains equipment so it is always ready for use.
- Expenses The cost of treatment is another factor to consider, especially in cases where treatment is long or complicated. You should ask for details of the costs in advance, including hidden costs that may occur, such as room fees, nursing services, and medicine costs. Comparing the costs between different hospitals will help you choose a hospital that fits your budget.
- Aftercare services, rehabilitation and follow-up after treatment are important steps in a patient’s recovery. A hospital that provides complete aftercare services, such as physical therapy, continuous symptom monitoring, and counseling for patients and families, will help increase recovery efficiency and reduce the risk of relapse.
summarize
Treatment of osteoarthritis is now more advanced with various technologies and treatment approaches. Choosing the right hospital is an important factor that will help patients receive quality care. If you or someone close to you is facing osteoarthritis, do not hesitate to consult a specialist doctor to receive the most appropriate advice and treatment.
